Friction

Most mechanical systems involve the relative motion of materials and components. Any two surfaces sliding or rolling against each other will experience frictional resistance, resulting in subsequent wear. The rate of wear and the material response to wear depends on the properties of the materials as well as the conditions of the contact between them and those of the motion.

As motion continues over time, material is removed from one or more surfaces. This results in surface deterioration, material thinning, heat generation, and other forms of wear, such as abrasion and corrosion. All of which takes place due to changes in the surface condition of the materials as well as the formation of material residue as a direct result of frictional wear. These conditions result in material failure over time and the need for component reconditioning or replacement.

Frictional wear is found in pistons, sintering dies, cutter blades, rolling systems, etc. and the rate of wear can vary depending on the material properties and operating conditions.